Abstract
Heat-related illness is becoming more problematic due to ongoing global warming. Heat-related
injury causes systemic inflammation and coagulopathy, due to leukocyte, platelet,
and vascular endothelial cell activation and injury. Hyperthermia directly modulates
platelet function and can induce cellular damage. Meanwhile, heat also affects platelet
function via activated coagulation, excess inflammation, production of cytokines,
and heat shock proteins. Aberrant hyperthermia-induced interactions between leukocytes
and endothelial cells are also involved in platelet regulation. Heat-induced coagulopathy
commonly progresses to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), leading to multiple
organ failure and in some cases enhanced bleeding. Consequently, platelet count, prothrombin
time, and DIC score are useful for evaluating the severity of heat-related illness
in addition to other organ damage markers such as Glasgow Coma Scale, creatinine,
and bilirubin. Despite the increasing risk, therapeutic modalities targeting platelets
are limited and no established therapy exists. In this review, we summarize the current
knowledge about the role of platelets in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management
of heat-related illness.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 16, 2022
Accepted:
August 9,
2022
Received in revised form:
July 22,
2022
Received:
March 7,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
