Highlights
- •Little is known about the interaction between PCSC and platelets.
- •Study assess PCSC induced TCIPA and the role of SDF-1α:CXCR4 in platelet-induced PCSC invasion.
- •PCSCs induce TCIPA through thrombin generation and their invasion is facilitated in part by platelet-derived SDF-1α.
Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) may be initiated by CD133+/CD44+ expressing stem cell-like cells
(PCSC), which are also thought to drive metastasis. Platelets also contribute to metastasis
via tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA), which in part enhances cancer
cell invasion. Moreover, activated platelets secrete stromal derived growth factor-1α
(SDF-1α) that can mobilize CSCs via the CXCR4 receptor. However, the potential reciprocal
interactions between CSCs and platelets have not been investigated.
Objective
To characterize the mechanisms behind PCSC-platelet interaction.
Methods
Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting was utilized to separate DU145 and PC3 PCa cells
into CD133+/CD44+, CD133+/CD44-, CD44+/CD133-, and CD133-/CD44- subpopulations and
to measure their CXCR4 surface expression. PCa subpopulation TCIPA experiments were
performed using aggregometry and immunoblot was used to measure prothrombin. Platelet
SDF-1α secretion was measured by ELISA. Modified-Boyden chamber assays were used to
assess the role of SDF-1α:CXCR4 pathway in platelet-PCSC interactions.
Results
DU145 and PC3 expressing both CD133 and CD44 stem cell markers accounted for only
small fractions of total cells (DU145: CD133+/CD44+ 3.44 ± 1.45% vs. CD133+/CD44-
1.56 ± 0.45% vs. CD44+/CD133- 68.19 ± 6.25% vs. CD133-/CD44- 20.36 ± 4.51%). However,
CD133+ subpopulations induced the greatest amount of aggregation compared to CD44+/CD133-
and double-negative DU145, and this aggregation potency of CD133+ PCa cells corresponded
with high levels of prothrombin expression. Additionally, CD133+ subpopulations expressed
significantly higher level of CXCR4 compared to CD133-/CD44- and CD44+/CD133-. Disruption
of SDF-1α:CXCR4 pathway reduced platelet-induced PCSC invasion.
Conclusions
CD133+/CD44+ and CD133+/CD44- PCSCs have highest platelet aggregation potency, which
could be attributed to their increased prothrombin expression. Reciprocally, platelet-derived
SDF-1α stimulates PCSC invasion.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 12, 2021
Accepted:
August 10,
2021
Received in revised form:
July 29,
2021
Received:
October 14,
2020
Identification
Copyright
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