Highlights
- •Platelets, coagulation and fibrinolytic factors influence cutaneous wound healing.
- •There is extensive crosstalk between the hemostatic system and the wound milieu.
- •Timely resolution of each phase of wound healing is critical for wound repair.
- •Buildup of active neutrophils, contributes to the development of chronic wounds.
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that consists of multiple phases, each of which
are indispensable for adequate repair. Timely initiation and resolution of each of
these phases namely, hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling,
is critical for promoting healing and avoiding excess scar formation. While platelets
have long been known to influence the healing process, other components of blood particularly
coagulation factors and the fibrinolytic system also contribute to efficient wound
repair. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the role of platelets,
the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in cutaneous wound healing, with a focus
on how these components communicate with immune and non-immune cells in the wound
microenvironment. We also outline current and potential therapeutic strategies to
improve the management of chronic, non-healing wounds.
Abbreviations:
ADP (adenosine diphosphate), CXCL (CXC chemokine ligand), EC (endothelial cell), ECM (extracellular matrix), EGF (epidermal growth factor), EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), FGF (fibroblast growth factor), GRO-α (growth related oncogene-α), IL (interleukin), LTB4 (leukotriene B4), MMP (matrix metalloproteinase), MPO (myeloperoxidase), NAP-2 (neutrophil activating peptide-2), NE (neutrophil elastase), NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps), PAR (protease activated receptor), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), PDWHF (platelet-derived wound healing formula), PF4 (platelet factor 4), Pg (plasminogen), PRP (platelet rich plasma), TGF (transforming growth factor), TNF (tumor necrosis factor), tPA (tissue plasminogen activator), uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator), uPAR (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), vWF (von Willebrand factor)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 02, 2019
Accepted:
May 1,
2019
Received in revised form:
April 14,
2019
Received:
March 6,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
