Highlights
- •Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) controls arterial remodeling & thrombosis.
- •Elevated PAI-1 has been identified as a potential biomarker for vascular disease.
- •PAI-1 has been implicated in in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis.
- •Therapeutics against PAI-1 has shown promising results in pre-clinical models.
Abstract
The standard of care for obstructive atherosclerotic coronary disease is revascularization,
predominantly achieved via percutaneous placement of a stent with concurrent medical therapy. Advancements in
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have dramatically improved outcomes. However,
major complications from PCI due to target lesion failure continue to occur at rates
between 5 and 10% in the first twelve months following intervention limiting its therapeutic
efficacy. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a protein of interest for both
arterial remodeling and thrombotic risk as it regulates cell migration and vascular
thrombosis. Elevated PAI-1 antigen levels have been identified as a potential biomarker
for coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome while being modulated by a number
of atherosclerotic risk factors. Although linked by some studies as a marker of disease
severity and prognosis, it remains to be understood whether it is also a mediator
and/or therapeutic target of vascular disease. In this review, we discuss the current
understanding of PAI-1 in vascular disease and its potential role in in-stent restenosis
and stent thrombosis.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 19, 2018
Accepted:
February 15,
2018
Received in revised form:
February 3,
2018
Received:
November 23,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
