Abstract
The post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common long-term complication of pediatric
deep venous thrombosis (DVT). It is a burdensome condition that can lead to severe
disability and poor quality-of-life of affected children. Although its pathophysiology
remains poorly understood, it is thought to be the result of chronic venous hypertension.
Recent studies have shown that the inflammatory response associated with an acute
DVT likely plays a key role in the development of PTS. The Manco-Johnson Instrument
and the modified Villalta Scale are the most widely used instruments for the diagnosis
of pediatric PTS. To date, few prognostic indicators for the development of PTS following
pediatric-onset DVT have been identified and substantiated in published research,
limiting our ability to identify those patients at high-risk for the development of
this complication. There is also limited evidence on therapeutic strategies and long-term
outcomes of pediatric PTS. Further research aimed at improving our understanding of
the pathophysiology and prognostic indicators of PTS is needed to enhance the currently
limited risk prediction models for pediatric PTS. Early identification of pediatric
patients at risk for PTS is essential to investigate preventive and therapeutic interventions
aimed at decreasing the risk and severity of this complication in children. This review
aims to summarize the current available evidence on the pathophysiology, risk factors,
diagnosis, and management of pediatric PTS.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 24, 2017
Accepted:
July 21,
2017
Received in revised form:
July 6,
2017
Received:
April 11,
2017
Identification
Copyright
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