Abstract
An acidic polysaccharide with anticoagulant activity was isolated from the edible
mushroom Auricularia auricula using water, alkali or acid extracts. The alkali extract showed the highest anticoagulant
activity and was thereby further purified using gel filtration chromatography. Specific
anticoagulant activity of the purified polysaccharide was 2 IU/mg and its average
mass was ∼160 kDa. The polysaccharide from this species of mushroom contains mainly
mannose, glucose, glucuronic acid and xylose but no sulfate esters. Its anticoagulant
activity was due to catalysis of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin but not by heparin
cofactor II. Inhibition of Factor Xa by antithrombin was not catalyzed by the polysaccharide.
The glucuronic acid residues were essential for the anticoagulant action of the mushroom
polysaccharide since the activity disappeared after reduction of its carboxyl groups.
In ex vivo tests using rats orally fed with the polysaccharide, we observed an inhibitory
effect on platelet aggregation as observed with aspirin, a well-known antiplatelet
agent. The polysaccharides from these mushrooms may constitute a new source of compounds
with action on coagulation, platelet aggregation and, perhaps, on thrombosis.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
October 14,
2003
Received in revised form:
October 10,
2003
Received:
August 5,
2003
Identification
Copyright
© 2003 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
